Publications by Theme

also see: CVFS publication list; NSFG working paper series

Social Organization

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. Forthcoming. “Parents’ Marital Quality and Children’s Transition to Adulthood.” Demography

Compernolle, Ellen, and William G. Axinn. Forthcoming. “Mass Education, International Travel, and Ideal Ages at Marriage.” Demography

Axinn, William G., Maura E. Bardos, and Brady T. West. 2018. “General Population Estimates of the Association between College Experience and the Odds of Forced Intercourse.” Social Science Research 70:131-143. DOI.

Mortier, Philippe, Randy P. Auerbach, Jordi Alonso, William G. Axinn, and et al. 2018. “Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among College Students and Same-aged Peers: Results from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys.” Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 53(3):279-288. DOI. PMC5896296.

Smith-Greenaway, Emily, Sarah R. Brauner-Otto, and William G. Axinn. 2018. “Offspring Education and Parental Mortality: Evidence from South Asia.” Social Science Research 76:157-168. DOI.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Emily Smith-Greenaway. 2017. “Emotional Variation and Fertility Behavior.” Demography 54(2):437-458. DOI. PMC5426117.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., William G. Axinn, Heather H. Gatny, and Stephanie A. Chardoul. 2017. “Preparing a Culturally Appropriate Translation of a Survey Questionnaire.” SAGE Research Methods Cases Online Only. DOI.

Auerbach, Randy P., Jordi Alonso, William G. Axinn, and et al. 2016. “Mental Disorders among College Students in the World Mental Health Surveys.” Psychological Medicine 46(14):2955-2970. DOI.

Bhandari, Prem B., and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2016. “Rural Agricultural Change and Individual Out-migration.” Rural Sociology 81(4):572-600. DOI.

Hawes, Armani, William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2016. “Ethnicity and Psychiatric Disorders.” Annals of Psychiatry and Mental Health 4(4):1072. PMC5560443.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, Nathalie E. Williams, and Kate M. Scott. 2015. “Associations between the Social Organization of Communities and Psychiatric Disorders in Rural Asia.” Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 50(10):1537-1545. DOI. PMC4594883.

Axinn, William G., Kate M. Scott, and Stephanie A. Chardoul. 2015. “Demography of Mental Health.” Pp. 18-25 in Encyclopedia of Mental Health. 2nd ed., Vol. 2, edited by H. S. Friedman. Waltham, MA: Academic Press.

Compernolle, Ellen. 2015. “Changing Attitudes Toward Care of Aging Parents: The Influence of Education, International Travel, and Gender.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):64-83. DOI. PMC4389642.

Ghimire, Dirgha J. 2015. “Wives’ and Husbands’ Nonfamily Experiences and First-Birth Timing.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):4-23. DOI. PMC4587386.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., William G. Axinn, and Emily Smith-Greenaway. 2015. “Impact of the Spread of Mass Education on Married Women’s Experience with Domestic Violence.” Social Science Research 54:319-331. DOI. PMC4607934.

Allendorf, Keera, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2013. “Determinants of Marital Quality in an Arranged Marriage Society.” Social Science Research 42(1):59-70. DOI. PMC3711098.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, Nathalie E. Williams, and Kate M. Scott. 2013. “Gender, Traumatic Events and Mental Health Disorders in a Rural Asian Setting.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 54(4):444-461. DOI. PMC3891584.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and William G. Axinn. 2013. “Marital Processes, Arranged Marriage, and Contraception to Limit Fertility.” Demography 50:1663-1686. DOI. PMC3786027.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., Stephanie A. Chardoul, Ronald Kessler, William G. Axinn, and Bishnu Adhikari. 2013. “Modifying and Validating the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) for Use in Nepal.” International Journal for Methods in Psychiatric Research 22(1):71-81. DOI. PMC3610833.

Jennings, Elyse A., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2012. “The Effect of Parents’ Attitudes on Sons’ Marriage Timing.” American Sociological Review 77(6):923-945. DOI. PMC3590910.

Thornton, Arland, Georgina Binstock, Kathryn M. Yount, Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Yu Xie. 2012. “International Fertility Change: New Data and Insights from the Developmental Idealism Framework.” Demography 49(2):677-698. DOI. PMC3328099.

Thornton, Arland, Georgina Binstock, Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Arjan Gjonca, Attila Melegh, Colter Mitchell, Mansoor Moaddel, Yu Xie, Li-Shou Yang, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Kathryn M. Yount. 2012. “Knowledge and Beliefs about National Development and Development Hierarchies: The Viewpoints of Ordinary People in Thirteen Countries.” Social Science Research 41:1053-1068. DOI. PMC3462366.

Axinn, William G., and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2011. “Social Organization, Population, and Land Use.” American Journal of Sociology 117(1):209-258. DOI. PMC3162250.

Axinn, William G., Linda Young-DeMarco, and Messo Caponi Roe. 2011. “Gender Double Standards in Parenting Attitudes.” Social Science Research 40(2):417-432. DOI. PMC3035381.

Williams, Nathalie E., Arland Thornton, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Linda Young-DeMarco. 2011. “Nepali Migrants to the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Values, Behaviors, and Plans.” Pp. 155-185 in Migrant Labour in the Persian Gulf, edited by M. Kamrava and Z. Babar. New York: Columbia University Press.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., and William G. Axinn. 2010. “Parental Family Experiences, the Timing of First Sex, and Contraception.” Social Science Research 39(6):875-893. DOI. PMC2978908.

Williams, Nathalie E. 2009. “Education, Gender, and Migration in the Context of Social Change.” Social Science Research 38(4):883-896. DOI. PMC3418604.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Jennifer S. Barber. 2008. “The Influence of Ideational Dimensions of Social Change on Family Formation in Nepal.” Pp. 251-280 in International Family Change: Ideational Perspectives, edited by R. Jayakody, A. Thornton, and W.G. Axinn. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., William G. Axinn, Scott T. Yabiku, and Arland Thornton. 2006. “Social Change, Premarital Nonfamily Experience, and Spouse Choice in an Arranged Marriage Society.” American Journal of Sociology 111(4):1181-1218. DOI.

Barber, Jennifer S., and William G. Axinn. 2004. “New Ideas and Fertility Limitation: The Role of Mass Media.” Journal of Marriage and Family 66:1180-1200. DOI.

Hoelter, Lynette F., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2004. “Social Change, Premarital Non-Family Experiences, and Marital Dynamics.” Journal of Marriage and Family 66:1131-1151. DOI.

Axinn, William G., and Jennifer S. Barber. 2003. “Linking People and Land Use: A Sociological Perspective.” Pp. 285-313 in People and the Environment, edited by J. Fox, R.R. Rindfuss, S. Walsh, and V. Mishra. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Barber, Jennifer S., Ann E. Biddlecom, and William G. Axinn. 2003. “Neighborhood Social Change and Perceptions of Environmental Degradation.” Population and Environment 25(2):77-108. DOI.

Beutel, Ann M., and William G. Axinn. 2002. “Gender, Social Change, and Educational Attainment.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 51(1):109-134. DOI.

Axinn, William G., and Jennifer S. Barber. 2001. “Mass Education and Fertility Transition.” American Sociological Review 66(4):481-505.

Axinn, William G., and Scott T. Yabiku. 2001. “Social Change, the Social Organization of Families, and Fertility Limitation.” American Journal of Sociology 106(5):1219-1261. DOI.

Pienta, Amy Mehraban, Jennifer S. Barber, and William G. Axinn. 2001. “Social Change and Adult Children’s Attitudes toward Support of Elderly Parents: Evidence from Nepal.” Hallym International Journal of Aging 3(2):211-235.

Shivakoti, Ganesh P., William G. Axinn, Prem B. Bhandari, and Netra Chhetri. 1999. “The Impact of Community Context on Land Use in an Agricultural Society.” Population and Environment 20(3):191-213. DOI.

Axinn, William G., and Ganesh P. Shivakoti. 1997. “Demographic Issues and the Use of Natural Resources.” Pp. 83-85 in People, Participation, and Sustainable Development: Understanding the Dynamics of Natural Resource Systems, edited by Shivakoti et al. Bloomington, Indiana and Rampur, Chitwan: Winrock International.

Population Dynamics

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. Forthcoming. “Parents’ Marital Quality and Children’s Transition to Adulthood.” Demography

Compernolle, Ellen, and William G. Axinn. Forthcoming. “Mass Education, International Travel, and Ideal Ages at Marriage.” Demography

Thornton, Arland, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Prem B. Bhandari. Forthcoming. “The Reliability and Stability of Measures about Individual’s Values and Beliefs Concerning Development Idealism in Nepal.” Sociology of Development

Ghimire, Dirgha J., Nathalie E. Williams, Arland Thornton, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Prem B. Bhandari. 2019. “Strategies for Origin-based Surveying of International Migrants.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 45(7):1185-1206. DOI.

Smith-Greenaway, Emily, Sarah R. Brauner-Otto, and William G. Axinn. 2018. “Offspring Education and Parental Mortality: Evidence from South Asia.” Social Science Research 76:157-168. DOI.

Williams, Nathalie E., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Karen A. Snedker. 2018. “Fear of Violence during Armed Conflict: Trauma, Risks, and Resources as Determinants of Fear.” Social Science Research 71:145-159. DOI.

Allendorf, Keera, Arland Thornton, Colter Mitchell, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2017. “Early Women, Late Men: Timing Attitudes and Gender Differences in Marriage.” Journal of Marriage and Family 79(5):1478-1496. DOI.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Emily Smith-Greenaway. 2017. “Emotional Variation and Fertility Behavior.” Demography 54(2):437-458. DOI. PMC5426117.

Jennings, Elyse A. 2017. “Family Composition and Marital Dissolution in Rural Nepal, 1945-2008.” Population Studies 71(2):229-248. DOI.

Pearlman, Jessica, Lisa D. Pearce, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Prem B. Bhandari, and Taylor Hargrove. 2017. “Postmarital Living Arrangements in Historically Patrilocal Settings: Integrating Household Fission and Migration Perspectives.” Demography 54:1425-1449. DOI.

Bhandari, Prem B., and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2016. “Rural Agricultural Change and Individual Out-migration.” Rural Sociology 81(4):572-600. DOI.

Ghimire, Dirgha J. 2016. “Social Context of First Birth Timing in a Rapidly Changing Rural Setting.” Social Science Research 61:314-329. DOI. PMC5125526.

Jennings, Elyse A., and Rachael Pierotti. 2016. “The Influence of Wives’ and Husbands’ Fertility Preferences on Progression to a Third Birth in Nepal, 1997-2009.” Population Studies 70(1):115-133. DOI.

Axinn, William G. 2015. “Demographic Change: The Case of Chitwan Valley in Nepal.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):1-3. DOI.

Ghimire, Dirgha J. 2015. “Wives’ and Husbands’ Nonfamily Experiences and First-Birth Timing.” International Journal of Sociology 45(1):4-23. DOI. PMC4587386.

Jennings, Elyse A. 2014. “Marital Discord and Subsequent Dissolution: Perceptions of Nepalese Wives and Husbands.” Journal of Marriage and Family 76(3):476-488. DOI. PMC4251804.

Allendorf, Keera, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2013. “Determinants of Marital Quality in an Arranged Marriage Society.” Social Science Research 42(1):59-70. DOI. PMC3711098.

Bhandari, Prem B. 2013. “Rural Livelihood Change? Household Capital, Community Resources and Livelihood Transition.” Rural Studies 32:126-136. DOI. PMC3772533.

Bhandari, Prem B., and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2013. “Rural Agricultural Change and Fertility Transition in Nepal.” Rural Sociology 78(2):229-252. DOI. PMC5220587.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R. 2013. “Attitudes about Children and Fertility Limitation Behavior.” Population Research and Policy Review 32(1):1-24. DOI. PMC3671613.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and William G. Axinn. 2013. “Marital Processes, Arranged Marriage, and Contraception to Limit Fertility.” Demography 50:1663-1686. DOI. PMC3786027.

Jennings, Elyse A., and Jennifer S. Barber. 2013. “The Influence of Neighbors’ Family Size Preference on Progression to High Parity Births in Rural Nepal.” Studies in Family Planning 44(1):67-84. DOI. PMC3621985.

Jennings, Elyse A., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2012. “The Effect of Parents’ Attitudes on Sons’ Marriage Timing.” American Sociological Review 77(6):923-945. DOI. PMC3590910.

Williams, Nathalie E., Dirgha J. Ghimire, William G. Axinn, Elyse A. Jennings, and Meeta S. Pradhan. 2012. “A Micro-Level Event-Centered Approach to Investigating Armed Conflict and Population Responses.” Demography 49(4):1521-1546. DOI. PMC3495997.

Axinn, William G., and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2011. “Social Organization, Population, and Land Use.” American Journal of Sociology 117(1):209-258. DOI. PMC3162250.

Massey, Douglas S., Nathalie E. Williams, William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2010. “Community Services and Out-Migration.” International Migration 48(3):1-41. DOI. PMC3146299.

Thornton, Arland, Georgina Binstock, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2008. “International Dissemination of Ideas about Development and Family Change.” Pp. 19-44 in International Family Change: Ideational Perspectives, edited by R. Jayakody, A. Thornton, and W.G. Axinn. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2007. “The Spread of Health Services and Fertility Transition.” Demography 44(4):747-770. DOI.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and William G. Axinn. 2006. “Family Change in Nepal: Evidence from Western Chitwan.” Contributions to Nepalese Studies 33(2):177-201.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and Paul Mohai. 2005. “Environmentalism and Contraceptive Use: How People in Less Developed Settings Approach Environmental Issues.” Population and Environment 27(1):29-61. DOI.

Barber, Jennifer S., and William G. Axinn. 2004. “New Ideas and Fertility Limitation: The Role of Mass Media.” Journal of Marriage and Family 66:1180-1200. DOI.

Bhandari, Prem B. 2004. “Relative Deprivation and Migration in an Agricultural Setting of Nepal.” Population and Environment 25(5):475-499. DOI.

Hoelter, Lynette F., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2004. “Social Change, Premarital Non-Family Experiences, and Marital Dynamics.” Journal of Marriage and Family 66:1131-1151. DOI.

Barber, Jennifer S., Lisa D. Pearce, Indra Chaudhary, and Susan Gurung. 2002. “Voluntary Associations and Fertility Limitation.” Social Forces 80(4):1369-1401. DOI.

Axinn, William G., and Jennifer S. Barber. 2001. “Mass Education and Fertility Transition.” American Sociological Review 66(4):481-505.

Environmental Change

Brauner-Otto, Sarah R., and William G. Axinn. 2017. “Natural Resource Collection and Desired Family Size: A Longitudinal Test of Environment-population Theories.” Population and Environment 38(4):381-406. DOI.

An, Li, Alex Zvoleff, Jianguo Liu, and William G. Axinn. 2014. “Agent-Based Modeling in Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS): Lessons from a Comparative Analysis.” Annals of the Association for American Geographers 104(4):723-745. DOI.

Carter, Neil H., Andrés Viña, Vanessa Hull, William McConnell, William G. Axinn, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Jianguo Liu. 2014. “Coupled Human and Natural Systems Approach to Wildlife Research and Conservation.” Ecology and Society 19(3):43. DOI.

Piotrowski, Martin, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Ronald R. Rindfuss. 2013. “Farming Systems and Rural Out-Migration in Nang Rong, Thailand and Chitwan Valley, Nepal.” Rural Sociology 78(1):75-108. DOI. PMC3963478.

Link, Cynthia F., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2012. “Household Energy Consumption: Community Context and Fuelwood Transition.” Social Science Research 41:598-611. DOI. PMC3461177.

Axinn, William G., and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2011. “Social Organization, Population, and Land Use.” American Journal of Sociology 117(1):209-258. DOI. PMC3162250.

Axinn, William G., Jennifer S. Barber, and Ann E. Biddlecom. 2010. “Social Organization and the Transition from Direct to Indirect Consumption.” Social Science Research 39:357-368. DOI. PMC2877213.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and William G. Axinn. 2010. “Community Context, Land Use and First Birth.” Rural Sociology 75(3):478-513. DOI. PMC2945390.

Massey, Douglas S., William G. Axinn, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 2010. “Environmental Change and Out-Migration: Evidence from Nepal.” Population and Environment 32(2):109-136. DOI. PMC3042700.

Shrestha, Binoj K., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Dharma Raj Dangol. 2009. “Lahare Banmara (Mikania micrantha) ko Atikraman; Badhdo Chunauti.” Paryabaran 89:26-30. DOI.

Ghimire, Dirgha J., and Lynette F. Hoelter. 2007. “Land Use and First Birth Timing in an Agricultural Setting.” Population and Environment 28(6):289-320. DOI.

Biddlecom, Ann E., William G. Axinn, and Jennifer S. Barber. 2005. “Environmental Effects on Family Size Preferences and Subsequent Reproductive Behavior in Nepal.” Population and Environment 26(3):583-621. DOI.

Barber, Jennifer S., Ann E. Biddlecom, and William G. Axinn. 2003. “Neighborhood Social Change and Perceptions of Environmental Degradation.” Population and Environment 25(2):77-108. DOI.

New Methods

Axinn, William G., Stephanie A. Chardoul, Heather H. Gatny, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Jordan W. Smoller, Yang Zhang, and Kate M. Scott. 2019. “Using Life History Calendars to Improve Measurement of Lifetime Experience with Mental Disorders.” Psychological Medicine Online Only. DOI.

Couper, Mick P., Garrett Gremel, William G. Axinn, Heidi Guyer, James Wagner, and Brady T. West. 2018. “New Options for National Population Surveys: The Implications of Internet and Smartphone Coverage.” Social Science Research 73:221-235. DOI.

Yabiku, Scott T., Jennifer E. Glick, Elizabeth Wentz, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Qunshan Zhao. 2017. “Comparing Paper and Tablet Modes of Retrospective Activity Space Data Collection.” Survey Research Methods 11(3):329-344. DOI.

Bhandari, Prem B., and Indra Chaudhary. 2016. “A Calendar Method of Collecting Remittance Use Data in a Remittance Dependent Setting of Nepal.” Migration and Development Online Only. DOI.

Axinn, William G., Elyse A. Jennings, and Mick P. Couper. 2015. “Response of Sensitive Behaviors to Frequent Measurement.” Social Science Research 49:1-15. DOI. PMC4247852.

Axinn, William G., Heather H. Gatny, and James Wagner. 2015. “Maximizing Data Quality using Mode Switching in Mixed-Device Survey Design: Nonresponse Bias and Models of Demographic Behavior.” Methods, Data, Analyses 9(2):163-184. DOI. PMC4746010.

West, Brady T., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and William G. Axinn. 2015. “Evaluating a Modular Design Approach to Collecting Survey Data Using Text Messages.” Survey Research Methods 9(2):111-123. DOI. PMC4551499.

Gatny, Heather H., Mick P. Couper, and William G. Axinn. 2013. “New Strategies for Biosample Collection in Population-Based Social Research.” Social Science Research 42(5):1402–1409. DOI. PMC3717190.

Axinn, William G., Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Nathalie E. Williams. 2012. “Collecting Survey Data During Armed Conflict.” Journal of Official Statistics 28(2):153-171. [Full Text] PMC3571111.

Gatny, Heather H., and William G. Axinn. 2012. “Willingness to Participate in Research during Pregnancy: Race, Experience, and Motivation.” Field Methods 24:135-154. DOI. PMC3393046.

Thornton, Arland, Dirgha J. Ghimire, and Colter Mitchell. 2012. “The Measurement and Prevalence of an Ideational Model of Family and Economic Development in Nepal.” Population Studies 66(3):329-345. DOI. PMC3505987.

Wagner, James, Brady T. West, Nicole Kirgis, James Lepkowski, William G. Axinn, and Shonda Kruger Ndiaye. 2012. “Use of Paradata in a Responsive Design Framework to Manage a Field Data Collection.” Journal of Official Statistics 28(4):477–499. [Full Text]

Axinn, William G., Cynthia F. Link, and Robert M. Groves. 2011. “Responsive Survey Design, Demographic Data Collection, and Models of Demographic Behavior.” Demography 48(3):1127-1149. DOI.

Thornton, Arland, Alexandra Achen, Jennifer S. Barber, Georgina Binstock, Wade M. Garrison, Dirgha J. Ghimire, Wang Guangzhou, Ronald Inglehart, Rukmalie Jayakody, Yang Jiang, Julie de Jong, Katherine King, Ron J. Lesthaeghe, Sohair Mehenna, Colter Mitchell, Mansoor Moaddel, Norbert Schwarz, Yu Xie, Li-Shou Yang, Linda Young-DeMarco, and Kathryn M. Yount. 2010. “Creating Questions and Protocols for an International Study of Ideas About Development and Family Life.” Pp. 59-74 in Survey Methods in Multinational, Multiregional and Multicultural Contexts, edited by M. Braun, B. Edwards, J. Harkness, T. Johnson, L. Lyberg, P. Mohler, B.E. Pennell, and T.W. Smith. Hoboken. NJ: John Wiley and Sons. DOI.

Gatny, Heather H., Mick P. Couper, William G. Axinn, and Jennifer S. Barber. 2009. “Using Debit Cards for Incentive Payments: Experiences of a Weekly Survey Study.” Survey Practice 2(7). DOI.

Axinn, William G., and Lisa D. Pearce. 2006. “Mixed Method Data Collection Strategies.” Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Maples, Jerry J., Susan A. Murphy, and William G. Axinn. 2002. “Two-Level Proportional Hazards Models.” Biometrics 58(4):754-763. DOI.

Pearce, Lisa D. 2002. “Integrating Survey and Ethnographic Methods for Systematic Anomalous Case Analysis.” Sociological Methodology 32(1):103-132. DOI.

Barber, Jennifer S., Susan A. Murphy, William G. Axinn, and Jerry J. Maples. 2000. “Discrete-Time Multilevel Hazard Analysis.” Sociological Methodology 30:201-235. DOI.

Axinn, William G., Lisa D. Pearce, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 1999. “Innovations in Life History Calendar Applications.” Social Science Research 28(3):243-264. DOI.

Axinn, William G., Jennifer S. Barber, and Dirgha J. Ghimire. 1997. “The Neighborhood History Calendar: A Data Collection Method Designed for Dynamic Multilevel Modeling.” Sociological Methodology 27:355-392. DOI.

Barber, Jennifer S., Ganesh P. Shivakoti, William G. Axinn, and Kishor Gajurel. 1997. “Sampling Strategies for Rural Settings: A Detailed Example from Chitwan Valley Family Study, Nepal.” Nepal Population Journal 6(5):193-203.